Diagnostické a terapeutické procedúry
Gastrofibroskopia (ezofagogastroduodenoskopia)
Endoskopické vyšetrenie pažeráka, žalúdka a dvanástnika pomocou flexibilného endoskopu. Umožňuje priamu vizualizáciu sliznice horného tráviaceho traktu, diagnostiku vredov, zápalov, nádorov a odoberanie biopsií na histologické vyšetrenie.
Kolonofibroskopia (kolonoskopia)
Endoskopické vyšetrenie hrubého čreva a terminálneho ilea pomocou flexibilného kolonoskopu. Slúži na diagnostiku zápalových ochorení čreva, polypov, nádorov, divertikulózy a umožňuje terapeutické intervencie ako polypektómia či hemostáza.
ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography)
Combined endoscopic and radiological examination of the bile and pancreatic ducts. It allows for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the bile ducts and pancreas, including the removal of concrements, stent implantation, and sphincterotomy.
EUS (endoscopic ultrasonography)
An endoscopic examination combining endoscopy with ultrasound imaging. It provides a detailed view of the digestive tract wall and adjacent organs (pancreas, liver, bile ducts, lymph nodes), allowing for accurate tumor staging and diagnosis of pancreatic and biliary diseases.
EUS with fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB/FNA)
Endoscopic ultrasonography with tissue sampling using a fine needle. It enables histological diagnosis of lesions in the pancreas, liver, lymph nodes, and other structures near the digestive tract under ultrasound guidance.
EUS-guided anastomoses
An advanced therapeutic procedure using endoscopic ultrasonography to create a connection between organs of the digestive tract. The most commonly performed intervention is gastrojejunoanastomosis – creating a connection between the stomach and the jejunum in patients with gastric outlet obstruction due to inoperable tumors. This method represents a less invasive alternative to surgical solutions.
FTR (Full Thickness Resection)
A specialized endoscopic technique allowing resection through the entire thickness of the digestive tract wall. It is used for:
- Diagnosis – taking a sample through all layers of the wall when submucosal lesions or deep-seated tumor changes are suspected
- Therapy – complete removal of submucosal tumors, residual polyps after previous endoscopic resection, or small carcinomas with minimal risk of metastasis
The advantage of FTRD is the possibility of complete resection with healthy tissue margins and subsequent safe closure of the defect in the digestive tract wall.
Cholangioscopy
Endoscopic examination of the bile ducts using a specialized cholangioscope. It allows for direct visualization of the bile ducts, diagnosis of concrements, strictures, tumors, and targeted biopsy collection.
Ultrasound examination (USG)
Non-invasive imaging of abdominal organs using ultrasound. We examine the liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, and free fluid in the abdominal cavity. It is used to diagnose diseases of parenchymal organs, concrements, and tumor changes.
USG-guided punctures
Interventional procedures performed under ultrasound guidance for precise targeting:
- Liver biopsy – taking a sample of liver tissue for histological examination when chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, or focal lesions are suspected
- Punctures and drainage – diagnostic or therapeutic puncture of abscesses, cysts, or other collections
PEG (percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy)
Endoscopically assisted insertion of a feeding tube directly into the stomach through the abdominal wall. Indicated for patients with long-term swallowing disorders or the inability to take food orally.
Ascites drainage – PleurX/PeritX system
Insertion of a permanent tunneled drainage catheter into the abdominal cavity for patients with recurrent ascites. It allows for repeated drainage of ascites without the need for hospitalization, thereby improving the quality of life for patients with chronic ascites due to cirrhosis or malignancy.
pH-metrywith impedance
Examination of acidity in the esophagus through 24-hour pH monitoring. It is used to diagnose gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and evaluate the effectiveness of anti-reflux treatment.
Capsule enteroscopy
Non-invasive examination of the small intestine using a disposable endoscopic capsule with a camera that the patient swallows. As it passes through the digestive tract, the capsule records thousands of images, allowing for the diagnosis of small intestine diseases inaccessible by conventional endoscopy.
